Whether you are
professional athlete, part-time marathoner, want to be strongman, or just a
weekend warrior you have undoubtedly experienced some form of muscle pain or
trigger point. While they are inconvenient and don't feel good they can
be much more problematic than thought. A muscle spasm or trigger point
can result in d the muscle fibers that results in ischemia due to the
squeeze on capillaries. As the contractions continue without adequate
blood flow to its cells anaerobic glycolysis produces lactic acid which in turn
brings a hydrogen ion with it and the "burning" sensation in your
muscle occurs.
Gua Sha (gwa-sa) traditionally
means "sand scrapping" and is a technique that involves applying an
edged tool to the skin. There are a variety of tools (see picture) to
apply to different parts of the body. During treatment "sha"
become visible in the form as petechiae (red dots). The presentation of
petechiae is thought to show the increase of blood flow to the area and brings
about the conclusion of the treatment.
Gua Sha is used to
interrupt vasoconstriction by mechanical stimulation of mast cells resulting in
the activation of the axon reflex flare. This is achieved by stroking the
tools over the skins surface to cause a mechanical stimulation that
degranulates mast cells. Histamine is released and stimulates nerves and
through mediators the capillaries dilate resulting in erythema (skin
redness). Results of this stimulation and increase in blood flow
are the normalization of blood pH, reduction of pain and a return to normal
cellular production.
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This form of treatment is
also useful in improving range of motion and strength by reducing and
eliminating reciprocal inhibition. Reciprocal inhibition occurs when an
agonist muscle (think quad) is activated and the antagonist (think hamstring)
relaxes. This inhibition can occur with injury or a decrease in amount of
use and the antagonist muscle can become shortened and weak. Treatment on
a weak muscle will not produce results but focus on the over-active s can
produce returns in strength and range of motion for the antagonist muscle.
Gua sha should be performed
primarily in the maturation phase of an injury, such as a hamstring strain, and
not immediately after it has occurred. Strokes and pressure will depend on
where the injury is located and the tolerance of the patient. Following
treatments pain-free stretches should be performed for the treated
tissue. The increase in circulation and tissue temperature is an
effective combination when addressing deficits in flexibility.
Check for providers in your
area or possibly buy your own set of tools, they range from $100-$5000. A
great complimentary treatment to your workouts and resulting soreness.
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